# install on Linux
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install git
    git --version

    # set the username and user email address to be used
    git config --global user.name "Emma Paris"
    git config --global user.email "eparis@atlassian.com"

    # initialize the repository as Git repository
    git init
    # state of the working area and staging area
    git status
    # add all files to the staging area
    git add .
    # specify files that should be tracked
    git add git_commands.md

    # capture a snapshot of the project staged changes
    git commit -m "Initial commit"

    # commits history
    git log
    git log -5 # last 5
    git log a743d2c..04f3d9a # from one commit to other
    git log --stat
    git log --all --oneline --graph --decorate
    git show a743d2c # commit details

    git diff # difference in files of the working area and directory
    git diff --staged # difference in working area and staging area
    git diff a743d2c..04f3d9a # difference between commits

    # stash - temporary shelves/changes to your copy
    # work on something else, and then come back and re-apply them later
    git stash # only the files that are in the staging area can be stashed
    git stash save "changed title"
    git stash list # stashed changes
    git stash pop # retrieve last stashed change
    git stash show -p stash@{1} # retrieve stash with index 1
    git stash clear # delete all stashes
    git stash drop stash@{0} # delete specific stash

    # new branch
    git branch branchName
    git branch newBranch fromBranch
    # new branch inside a folder
    git branch branchFolder/branchName
    # switch to another branch
    git checkout branchName
    # switch to another branch present in another folder
    git checkout branchFolder/branchName
    # create and checkout to the new branch at the same time
    git checkout -b branchName
    # create and checkout to the new branch present in another folder at the same time
    git checkout branchFolder/branchName
    # comparing different branche
    git diff master..new_feature
    # merge to a new branch
    git merge master
    # change the name of the current branch
    git branch -m newBranchName
    # change the name of the other branch
    git branch -m oldName newName
    # delete branche, switch to other to avoid error
    git branch -d branch_to_delete
    git branch -D branch_to_delete # delete unmerged or with commits

    # origin - default name Git gives to the server you cloned from
    # automatically sets up local master branch to track the remote master branch
    git clone https://github.com/schacon/ticgit
    git remote [-v]
    git remote show origin

    # connect local repo with remote repo
    git remote add origin https://github.com/schacon/ticgit
    git remote add pb https://github.com/schacon/ticgit

    # fetch and merge remote branch into current
    git pull
    git pull origin master
    # if "git pull" gives "fatal: refusing to merge unrelated histories"
    git pull --allow-unrelated-histories
    # only download the data to local repository, doesnt automatically merge
    git fetch origin

    # push master branch to origin server
    git push origin master
    git push --all origin

    # set all of your branches to automatically use this remote repo when you use git pull
    git push --all --set-upstream origin

    # change all remote-tracking branch names
    # what used to be referenced at pb/master is now at paul/master
    git remote rename pb paul

    git remote remove paul
    git remote # origin

    # updating the last commit message
    git commit --amend -m "Updated message"
    # blank commit (no changes added or deleted)
    git commit --allow-empty -m "blank commit message"
    # total number of commits on a particular branch
    git rev-list --count branch-name
    git rev-list --count main
    # checking files from different a branch
    git show branch-name:file-name
    git show main:README.md
    # staging (adding) and committing the changes in a single command
    git commit -am "message"

    # download files from any repository
    git fetch origin master

    # remove local caches
    git fetch -p

    # increase the postBuffer for larger files upload
    git config http.postBuffer 100000000
  
  







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